婴儿期是免疫系统尚未完全成熟的阶段,婴儿易受到各种感染。益生菌被认为能调节肠道微生物群,并可能有助于提高免疫力,从而减少感染的发生。2011年109名1个月大的健康婴儿,随机分配到动物双歧杆菌BB-12益生菌组或安慰剂组,每天2次服用益生菌(动物双歧杆菌BB-12)或安慰剂,持续至8个月。Taipale团队在8个月时,采集了婴儿的粪便样本,通过定量PCR方法检测BB-12的存在,结果发现[8]:在生命最初8个月内自报感染的累计发生率和抗生素使用情况 [8]益生菌(动物双歧杆菌BB-12)组的婴儿报告:呼吸道感染发生率显著低于对照组(65% vs. 94%)。即,益生菌组婴儿患呼吸道感染的风险较低,风险比为0.69,同时也未发现任何胃肠道症状、耳部感染(急性中耳炎)等情况这为益生菌在婴儿期预防呼吸道感染提供了有力证据,表明早期使用BB-12可能有助于降低婴儿感染的发生率,尤其是呼吸道感染。09助力生长发育
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